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Question of MID
The Council of Ministers of the USSR
RESOLVES:
1. To confirm the attached draft letters
of the Government of the USSR to Comrades
Mao Zedong and Kim Il Sung (Attachment
No. 1).
To transmit the present letter to Com-
rade Mao Zedong through Comrade Zhou
Enlai and Comrade Kuznetsov V.V., and
[the letter] to Comrade Kim Il Sung through
Comrade Malik, who will immediately be
sent to Pyongyang.
2. To confirm the directive to the Soviet
delegation in the General Assembly (Attach-
ment No. 2).
Representative of the Council of Minis-
ters of the USSR G. Malenkov
Business Manager of the Council of
Ministers of the USSR M. Pomaznev
Attachment No. 1
The Soviet Government has thoroughly
reviewed the question of the war in Korea
under present conditions and with regard to
the entire course of events of the preceding
period. As a result of this, the Soviet Govern-
ment has reached the conclusion that it would
be incorrect to continue the line on this
question which has been followed until now,
without making those alterations in that line
which correspond to the present political
situation and which ensue from the deepest
interests of our peoples, the peoples of the
USSR, China and Korea, who are interested
in a firm peace throughout the world and
have always sought an acceptable path to-
ward the soonest possible conclusion of the
war in Korea.
It is not necessary to dwell in detail on
all that the aggressor has done in the course
80 COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT BULLETIN
effect twelve (12) hours after the agreement
on armistice is signed, and guarantee the
fulfillment of this order.”
There was also agreement on the fol-
lowing important conditions for the armi-
stice:
1) About the determination of a military
demarcation line, which must run along the
line contiguous to [the position of] the troops
of the warring sides on the day the armistice
goes into effect, in other words along the line
of the front, from which “troops of both sides
will withdraw for two kilometers in order to
form a demilitarized zone...” (point 1 of the
draft agreement on armistice).
2) About the establishment of a Military
Commission on the armistice composed of
10 senior officers, from whom five will be
named by the Commander in Chief of the
armed forces of the UN and five by the
Command of the Korean People’s Army and
the Command of the Chinese volunteers
(point 19). The Commission must monitor
the observance of the armistice agreement,
including monitoring the work of the Com-
mittee on repatriation of prisoners of war and
regulate through negotiations possible viola-
tions of the armistice agreement (pp. 24 and
25).
3) About the creation of a Commission
of neutral states to supervise the armistice,
composed of representatives from Sweden
and Switzerland named by the Commander
in Chief of the UN Military Forces and
representatives of Poland and Czechoslova-
kia named by the Supreme Commander of
the Korean People’s Army and the Com-
mander of the Chinese Volunteers. (pp. 36
and 37)
The Commission may create inspection
groups composed of representatives of those
states. (p. 40).
The Commission of neutral states must
supervise the implementation of the agree-
ment on the armistice and fulfill the func-
tions of control (p. 41).
Inspection groups of neutral states will
disembark at the ports of Synyidzhu,
Chongchin, Khungnam, Manpo and
Sinandzhu (North Korea), Inchon, Taegu,
Pusan, Kanchung and Kunsan (South Ko-
rea).
Moreover, the sides reached agreement
that the commanders of both sides must
“recommend to the governments of inter-
ested countries of both sides that a political
conference of all sides at the highest level be
4. We consider it also advisable that
immediately after the aforementioned state-
ments in Beijing and Pyongyang, the Minis-
ter of Foreign Affairs of the USSR make a
statement in Moscow with corresponding
full support for the Beijing and Pyongyang
statements.
5. In accordance with the four measures
enumerated above, the Soviet delegation to
the General Assembly of the UN in New
York should do everything possible to sup-
port and move forward the new political line
which is laid out above.
We consider it necessary to give the
following elucidation of the abovestated:
First. About the answer to General Clark.
We consider that the response letter of Kim
Il Sung and Peng Dehuai to General Clark
should express full agreement with Clark’s
proposal to conduct an exchange of sick and
wounded prisoners of war, with an indica-
tion that they have in mind a positive resolu-
tion of this question in accordance with
article 109 of the Geneva Convention.
In the answer to Clark indicate that the
question of the exchange of sick and wounded
prisoners has the greatest significance for a
successful resolution of the entire question
of prisoners of war, and consequently, for a
successful resolution of the question of the
cessation of the war and the conclusion of an
armistice. In view of this, propose to resume
the negotiations in Panmunjom between the
main representatives of both sides to nego-
tiations for an armistice.
Propose that the date of the negotiations
be established by the officers connected
with both sides.
In the course of the negotiations on the
exchange of sick and wounded prisoners, in
accordance with article 109 of the Geneva
Convention, which stipulates that “not a
single wounded and sick prisoner of war can
be repatriated against his wishes during mili-
tary action,” add the receipt of a guarantee
from the American side that in relation to
prisoners of war, under no circumstances
will forcible measures be applied to prevent
their return to their homeland.
Propose also to establish a commission
of representatives of Poland, Czechoslova-
kia, Sweden and Switzerland to render assis-
tance in returning sick and wounded prison-
ers to their homeland.
In the negotiations on the exchange of
sick and wounded prisoners of war, proceed
from that fact that the task consists not only
of securing a positive resolution of the indi-
cated question, but also in securing a positive
resolution of the entire question of prisoners
of war, and consequently, to remove the
obstacles to the achievement of an agreement
on the cessation of military action and the
conclusion of an armistice. Article 109 of the
Geneva Convention should be used for this,
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